Plant breeding and Genetic is a critical tool in the fight for food security and responsible environmental stewardship in the 21st century. The agricultural scenario in the post Green Revolution era has changed Indian agriculture from the subsistence farming to a commercial enterprise. Signing of World Trade agreement by India has exposed Indian farmers to the global competition.

Agricultural biotechnology, also known as agri tech, is an area of agricultural science involving the use of scientific tools and techniques, including genetic engineering, molecular markers, molecular diagnostics, vaccines, and tissue culture, to modify living organisms: plants, animals, and microorganisms. Crop biotechnology is one aspect of agricultural biotechnology which has been greatly developed upon in recent times.

Seed Science and Technology as a specialized branch of agricultural sciences focuses on the study of structure and development of seeds from the moment of fertilization of the egg cell to the emergence of a new plant from the seed. It includes Seed Production and Harvesting, Classes of seeds Seed Conditioning, traditional and new methods, Storage, Seed Enhancements, seed treatment and coating technologies, priming, Seed Testing both physiological and pathological, Seed Quality Assurance, labeling and authentication on of crop varieties, causes and maintenance of Seed quality.

Agricultural entomology is a multidisciplinary area of research with collaboration with other units both within and outside of the department. Simply described agricultural entomology is applied ecology with roots in plant protection and the population dynamics of insects.
The focus of the agricultural entomology is not only insect pests, but also the beneficial arthropods found in the agroecosystem that contribute to ecosystem services such as biological control and pollination. The plant protection is the interaction among pest insects, their natural enemies and alternative prey.

Plant pathology (also phytopathology) is the scientific study of diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, viroids, virus-like organisms, phytoplasmas, protozoa, nematodes and parasitic plants. Plant pathology also involves the study of pathogen identification, disease etiology, disease cycles, economic impact, plant disease epidemiology, plant disease resistance, how plant diseases affect humans and animals, pathosystem genetics, and management of plant diseases.

Plant Nematology In general, nematology is divided into three main branches that include; plant nematology, animal parasitology as well as free-living nematology.
Nematodes are a diverse group of worm-like animals. They are found in virtually every environment that can support life, and are found in fresh water, in salt water, in all kinds of soil, and as internal parasites of humans and animals.

Agricultural extension is the application of scientific research and new knowledge to agricultural practices through farmer education. The field of 'extension' now encompasses a wider range of communication and learning activities organized for rural people by educators from different disciplines, including agriculture, agricultural marketing, health, and business studies.

Agricultural economics is a study of the allocation, distribution, and utilization of the resources used, along with the commodities produced, by farming. Agricultural economics plays a role in the economics of development, for a continuous level of farm surplus is one of the wellsprings of technological and commercial growth.

Agricultural statistics is the branch of economics, that deals with agriculture and, as such, is an important tool for state management and planned guidance of socialist agricultural enterprises.

Computer science is the study of algorithmic processes and computational machines. As a discipline, computer science spans a range of topics from theoretical studies of algorithms, computation and information to the practical issues of implementing computing systems in hardware and software. Computer science addresses any computational problems, especially information processes, such as control, communication, perception, learning, and intelligence.

Horticulture is the science and art of the development, sustainable production, marketing, and use of high-value, intensively cultivated food and ornamental plants. Horticulture is one of the efficient and prominent sector to contribute 25 % of our total agricultural export earning; reduce malnutrition deficiency and upliftment of our Indian poor people from poverty.

Food science is the basic science and applied science of food; its scope starts at overlap with agricultural science and nutrition and leads through the scientific aspects of food safety and food processing, informing the development of food technology.

Agricultural Engineering is a combination of principles of engineering and biological sciences. The basic and advanced technology improvement in different disciplines like, Soil and water conservation, Farm machinery and power, renewable energy and post-harvest technologies etc…It helps to improve the yield and enhances the quality of food products.

Animal husbandry is the branch of science deals with the practice of breeding, farming and care of farm animals such as cattle, dogs, sheep and horses by humans for advantages.